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Blacksmithing, 1948, by Frank D. Graham and Thomas J. Emery, from the Audels Plumbers and Steam Fitters Guide #4, published by Theo. Audel & Co., new York, NY, 1948. Reprinted by Nation Builder Books, Mebane, NC, February 2014, 5½ x 8½ softcover booklet, 52 pages.
This is a new reproduction, not an original. The pages have been enlarged to 116 percent of the original, and the images and text digitally enhanced.
This is a new photoduplication of the chapter on blacksmithing, plus the section of the chapter on welding that is done by hand forging. As is usual with all Audel's material, this chapter is well illustrated, with drawings and pictures. There are excellent drawings of an anvil, with its nomenclature; 23 different types of tongs, with their names; 13 types of anvil tools, and 10 types of hand forming tools. Hammers are shown as Ball Peen, Cross Peen, and Straight Peen. Various basic forging operations are illustrated and explained, including cutting, drawing, forming a chamfer, upsetting, bending, straightening, and punching.
Hardening and tempering is then discussed, with a Table of Colors of Tempered Steel provided, which lists the color of heated steel, its temperature in Fahrenheit, and the class of tools for which this temperature should be used. There is also a a discussion of the Thermal Critical Points of Steel, with an accompanying graph.
This booklet ends with the first six pages of the chapter on welding. These pages cover the basics of forge welding. The remainder of this chapter, which discusses electric welding and oxy-acetylene welding, is not reproduced here.
